7 results
Hypoxemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm by A-a Gradient

Normal A-a Gradient:
 • ↓ Atmospheric pressure
 • Hypoventilation: CNS
Hypoxemia Differential ... Right-to-Left Shunt ... (↑Shunting), ↓Perfusion ... #Hypoxia #Differential ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #pulmonary
Causes of Hypoxemia- Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Ventilation/perfusion Mismatch
 • Airway Disease (Asthma, COPD)
 • Vascular (PE*)
 •
Causes of Hypoxemia ... Arterial Hypertension ... Right to Left Shunt ... Defect ** • Atrial ... Right to Left Shunt
Approach to the A-a Gradient
A-a gradient = PAO2 - PaO2
A-a gradient = [FiO2 x (Patm -
Right to Left Shunt ... Disease and more • Diffusion ... #alveolar #arterial ... #pulmonary #Hypoxia ... #hypoxemia #differential
Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure - Differential Diagnosis Framework
DECREASED INSPIRED OXYGEN
 • Low PATM Can decrease first part
VIQ mismatch and shunt ... lung diseases, pulmonary ... gravity-dependent gradients ... embolus SHUNT ... shunting (eg, atrial
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome - Diagnosis and Management Summary
A defect in arterial oxygenation due to a gas exchange
1) or anatomic shunt ... cycles after right atrial ... blood gas (ABC) ... scanning or pulmonary ... 80mmHg or A-a gradient
Perform computations online at:
ScyMed.com
6th ED
ICU-card
«ICU, Formulas & Drugs»
HEMODYNAMIC PATTERNS
Condition
SAP
CVP

PAP PCWP

CO C(a-v)02 PVR

SVR
Hypovolemic shock
↓
↓
↓
↓
↓
↑
↑
↑
Cardiogenic shock
↓
1
↑
1

1
↑

Septic shock
↓
↓
↓
↓
↑
↓
↓
↓
Cardiac Tamponade
.
↑
↑
1
↓

→
↑
RV
DP-PCWP Coronary Perfusion ... Qt 0.0-7.0 % Shunt ... )*(100) | A-a GRADIENT ... -25 mmHg A-a Gradient ... 0.25*age) A-a Gradient
Double Shunt on Echocardiogram
What do you see on this saline contrast study, in a patient with
Double Shunt on ... liver disease and pulmonary ... Early transit of bubbles ... as RAP>LAP as atrial ... clinical #pocus #a4c