13 results
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Hyporeflexia: • Hypercalcemia ... polyneuropathy (e.g ... injury, Early ALS ... Testing #Causes #differential ... diagnosis #table #neurology
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
• Or brainstem syndromes ... imaging [MRI] T2 ... Laboratory findings ... Progressive MS ( ... diagnosis #management #neurology
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
clinical examination finding ... the pathologic finding ... MRI: Brain, cervical ... conditions listed in differential ... #neurology #diagnosis
Evolution of MRI Findings in Stroke

MR images at five subsequent time points in a 67-year-old woman
Evolution of MRI ... Findings in Stroke ... it possible to differentiate ... #Progression #Stroke ... #Neurology #Evolution
Hydroxyapatite Deposition Disease (HADD) - MSK Radiology
Imaging Findings:
 • Ovoid hypointense structures along the bursal surface
Disease (HADD) - MSK ... Findings: • Ovoid ... low-signal on all ... systemic disorders: Progressive ... systemic sclerosis
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
Diagnosis- Compatible syndrome ... + MRI lesions + ... lung nodules, may also ... : • Multiple Sclerosis ... #neurology
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
hyperphosphatemia, hypercalcemia ... mediators such as ... of diagnosis (e.g ... incidental CXR finding ... anterior/posterior MSK
BEE Syndromes - Non-inflammatory Causes

Immune-mediated conditions affecting the Brain, Eye, and Ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in
is important, as ... neuropathy (LHON) plus MRI ... consistent with MS ... #neurology #noninflammatory ... #differential #
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
may precede the neurologic ... Blood transfusion, Hypercalcemia ... edema visualized as ... Reversible course Differential ... diagnosis #management #neurology
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
) and findings of ... IgG index • Progression ... : - Multiple sclerosis ... diagnosis #management #neurology ... #differential