44 results
Hypercalcemia - EKG Findings
Causes of Hypercalcemia 
• Malignancy 
• Milk-alkali syndrome 
• Vitamin D toxicity 
•
Hypercalcemia - ... EKG Findings Causes ... #Differential # ... Causes #Diagnosis ... #Cardiology
Etiologies of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
GI losses / Insensible losses
Sodium Overload
Transcellular Movement of Water
Central Diabetes Insipidus
Etiologies of Hypernatremia ... - Differential ... Diagnosis GI losses ... #Differential # ... #Causes
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... #Differential # ... #Causes #nephrology
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Causes of Hypernatremia ... - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... #Nephrology #Differential ... #Causes
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... - Differential ... Pain/Post-op • Neurologic ... Uosm < 100 mmol/kg ... #Nephrology #Differential
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... - Differential ... Pain/Post-op • Neurologic ... Uosm < 100 mmol/kg ... #Nephrology #Differential
Osborn (J Wave)

Etiology 
• Hypothermia (below 320C / SOOF) 
• Normal variant 
• Hypercalcemia 
• Neurological
Normal variant • Hypercalcemia ... fibrillation Clinical ... Osborn #JWave #Diagnosis ... #Differential # ... Cardiology #EKG
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Hyporeflexia: • Hypercalcemia ... polyneuropathy (e.g ... #differential # ... diagnosis #table ... #neurology
Adrenal Insufficiency Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Clinical suspicion: Weakness, fatigue, nausea, musculoskeletal pain, dizziness, volume depletion, abdominal pain,
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Clinical suspicion ... Weakness, fatigue, nausea ... , hypotension, hyponatremia ... , hyperkalemia,
Myocarditis - Diagnosis and Causes
 • Clinical presentation: Pseudo-acute coronary syndrome, Cardiac failure <3 rnonths, Cardiogenic
Clinical presentation ... Paraclinical assessment: EKG ... #Myocarditis #differential ... #Diagnosis #Causes ... #cardiology #MRI