17 results
Causes of Hypocomplementemia - CHAMPS Mnemonic
C - Cryoglobulinemia (85%), C3 glomerulopathy, cirrhosis
H - Heavy Chain deposition
Causes of Hypocomplementemia ... Chain deposition disease ... glomerulonephritis, type ... 1 (50%-80%), type ... #Low #Complement
Vasculitis and Vasculitides - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
 • Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
 •
often involved • Hypocomplementemic ... Urticaria and hypocomplementemia ... (Granulomatous disease ... atherosclerotic disease ... against MPO • Complement
Hypersensitivity Types and Their Mechanisms
Type I - lgE - Soluble antigen
 - Allergen-specific lgE antibodies bind
Hypersensitivity Types ... antigen, leading to complement ... during hemolytic disease ... Complement activation ... Diagnosis #Reactions #Table
Cryoglobulinemia Summary

Cryoglobulins:
 • Cryoglobulins are Igs in the serum that precipitate in vitro at temperatures below
• Autoimmune diseases ... Types: • Type ... • Type III Often ... • Low serum C4 complement ... • Vasculitis
Summary table of types of hypersensitivity reactions. 
Type 1
 - Mediators: lgE
 - Antigen Form: Soluble
Summary table of ... antigens, leading to complement ... reaction, Haemolytic disease ... they activate complement ... #allergy #table
Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis (RPGN)
RPGN has three primary pathophysiologic causes differentiated by immunofluorescence

Immune Complex Mediated (granular staining):
staining): • Low Complement ... Idiopathic • Normal Complement ... involvement: Anti-GBM Disease ... Glomerulonephritis #Vasculitis ... differential #diagnosis #algorithm
Causes of ileitis beyond Crohn’s disease and infections include systemic disorders -spondyloarthropathies, vasculitides, ischemia, and amyloidosis
beyond Crohn’s disease ... spondyloarthropathies, vasculitides ... See below for table ... helpful paper complements ... #Differential #Table
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
Cold Agglutinin Disease ... 3 Types of Cold ... Cryoglobulins (Vasculitic ... Cold Agglutinin Disease ... temperatures by fixing complement
SLE (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus)

Suspect:
Clinical evidence of (fatigue, rash, photosensitivity, inflammatory arthritis, weight loss, and fever) and
anti-Smith Ab, low complements ... ANCA-associated vasculitis ... • Type-I Interferonopathies ... • Mesenteric vasculitis ... RNP antibodies, Complement
Recommended initial testing for patients being evaluated for glomerular disease 

24-hour urine collection - Quantify proteinuria.
for glomerular disease ... or alternative complement ... of glomerular disease ... for ANCA-related vasculitis ... cryoglobulinemias (types