9 results
Gowers' Sign on Physical Exam

Seen in this patient with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD)

#Gowers #Sign #PhysicalExam #neurology
Gowers' Sign on ... Duchenne muscular dystrophy ... #Sign #PhysicalExam ... #neurology #clinical ... pediatrics #muscular #dystrophy
Causes of Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unprovoked - Epilepsy:
 • Focal: Simple, Complex
 • Generalized: Absence,
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Metabolic: Hypoglycemia ... , Hyperglycemia, ... Hyponatremia, Hypomagnesemia ... #Causes #neurology
Causes of Secondary / Provoked Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Febrile
Infection
 • Sepsis
 • Encephalitis
 • Meningitis
Metabolic
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Metabolic • Hypoglycemia ... • Hyperglycemia ... Hypocalcemia • Hyponatremia ... Provoked #Seizures #Neurology
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm
Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Modified Hyponatremia ... Algorithm Hypertonic ... Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia ... #Algorithm #diagnosis ... #sodium #nephrology
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Hypernatremia Diagnosis ... mmol/L - true hyponatremia ... pseudohyponatremia • hyperglycemia ... Diagnosis #Workup #Algorithm ... #Nephrology
Gowers' Sign on Physical Exam

Indicative of proximal muscle weakness in muscular dystrophy.

#Gowers #Sign #PhysicalExam #neurology #clinical
Gowers' Sign on ... weakness in muscular dystrophy ... #Gowers #Sign #PhysicalExam ... #neurology #clinical ... #DMD #Duchenne
Generalized Seizures and Pseudoseizures
Generalized seizures "are conceptualized as originating as some point within, and rapidly engaging,
drugs, uremia, hypoglycemia ... , hyperglycemia, ... hyponatremia, and ... Classification #Diagnosis #Neurology ... #Signs #Symptoms
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Algorithm Isotonic ... : Hyperglycemia, ... #Differential #Algorithm ... diagnosis #causes #nephrology
Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Approach To Weakness:
 • Non-neuromuscular disorder (Cardiac, pulmonary etc)
 • CNS ->
polyneuropathy: DM ... Mononeuritis multiplex (DM ... Lack of UMN/LMN signs ... Metabolic myopathies: Hypoglycemia ... Differential #Diagnosis #neurology