14 results
Pathyophysiology - hyperglycemic crises in patients with diabetes 
Key signs/symptoms of HHS/DKA:
Both: Polyuria, polydipsia, weight loss,
Pathyophysiology ... - hyperglycemic ... crises in patients ... diabetes Key signs
Kussmaul's sign in Constrictive Pericarditis 

A 50-year-old woman with a remote history of mediastinal lymphoma (age
Kussmaul's sign ... on her chest (photo ... Causes = RV failure ... pericarditis (this case ... #PhysicalExam #
Bell's Phenomenon on Physical Exam

Carles Bell realized that when trying to close the eye on the
Physical Exam Carles ... Bells #Phenomenon #Sign ... clinical #video #PhysicalExam ... #ophthalmology
Brudzinski’s Sign in Meningitis (first described in 19th century by Dr. Josef Brudzinski)

Brudzinski's sign is characterized
Brudzinski’s Sign ... Brudzinski's sign ... Passive neck flexion causes ... While the pathophysiology ... Clinical #Video #PhysicalExam
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
hyalinization causes ... BRB breakdown causes ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #signs
21-Hydroxylase Deficiency (21-OHD): Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Autosomal recessive mutation in CYP21A2 coding for the enzyme 21-OHase
enzyme 21-OHase causes ... Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... Hyperkalemia, Hypoglycemia ... #21HydroxylaseDeficiency #21OHD #pathophysiology
Abnormalities in Rate and Rhythm of Breathing 
Normal 
The respiratory rate is about 14—20 per min
has a number of causes ... infarction, hypoxia, or hypoglycemia ... punctuated by frequent sighs ... Occasional sighs ... Abnormal #Diagnosis #PhysicalExam
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
Collapse: • Pathophysiology ... → Syncope • Signs ... Hyperventilation, Dizziness, Nausea ... elevation - Hypoglycemia ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Transverse lines of the fingernails. (A) Beau’s lines (arrows) of the thumbnail. (B) Mees’ lines (arrowheads)
the nails can be caused ... are a typical sign ... paired white lines caused ... Ridges #Clinical #PhysicalExam ... #Photo
A 70-year-old woman attends a check-up with a family doctor. As a background, he has a
the Trousseau sign ... skeletal muscles to cause ... #Trousseau #Sign ... #PhysicalExam ... #Clinical #Photo