15 results
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
- Due to Viral infection ... Polyclonal - Viral Infection ... Check For: • Infections ... Polyclonal IgM post infectious ... #hematology #diagnosis
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
. primary cold agglutin ... lymphoproliferative disorders ... Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection ... spherocytosis) • Infections ... #hematology #anemia
Causes of Thrombocytopenia and Platelet Disorders - Differential Diagnosis and Workup
History:
 - Prior platelet count, family
procedures - Infection ... (CVID, WAS), (neurologic ... changes), high MCV anemia ... #Causes #Workup ... #hematology
Leukemias Overview: ALL, CML, AML, APML, CLL

Acute leukemias > 20% blasts in the peripheral blood smear
Malaise, bleeding, infections ... pain, bleeding, infections ... bruising, bleeding, infection ... -> Invade Skin: ... #Leukemia #Hematology
Hemolytic Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Sickle cells - Consider sickle cell disease (diverse genotypes):
Agglutination - Cold agglutinins ... inclusions - If infection ... Consider RBC membrane disorder ... #Algorithm #workup ... #hematology #testing
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
CNS Infection in ... Opportunistic Infections ... infections result ... infections typically ... and some infections
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia - Summary

Cancer affecting lymphocytes/Mature B cell neoplasm
 • Lymphocytes accumulate in large numbers
weeks without infection ... Hepatomegaly • Skin ... • Neutropenia, anemia ... #workup #oncology ... #hematology
Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID)

What?
CVID: Immunodeficiency disorder with hypogammaglobulinemia -> increased infection risk secondary to impaired B-cell
hypogammaglobulinemia -> increased infection ... history of recurrent infections ... disease • Infectious ... community-acquired infections ... hypogammaglobulinemia #immunology #hematology
Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)

What?
Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of disorders caused by blood cells that are poorly
just beneath the skin ... petechiae) • Frequent infections ... • Parvovirus infection ... Myelodysplastic #Syndromes #diagnosis ... #hematology #oncology
Nontuberculous Mycobacteria (NTM) Infections 

Mycobacterial species other than those belonging to the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and
Mycobacteria (NTM) Infections ... Factors For NTM Infections ... status NTM Cause ... • Disseminated infections ... : Chronic lung infections