5 results
Differential Diagnosis and Evaluation of Hyponatremia:
1) Identification of onset (acute vs. chronic)
2) Presence of symptoms (HA,
2) Presence of symptoms ... (HA, nausea, confusion ... #EM #IM #Nephro ... #Hypovolemic #Euvolemic ... Differential #Algorithm #Ddxof
Pathyophysiology - hyperglycemic crises in patients with diabetes 
Key signs/symptoms of HHS/DKA:
Both: Polyuria, polydipsia, weight loss,
diabetes Key signs ... /symptoms of HHS ... seizure) #Pathophys #EM ... #IM #Endo #DKA ... #HHS #Ddxof
Differential Diagnosis of Syncope
First, is it syncope? History is very important for distinguishing syncope from other
Differential Diagnosis ... events, prodromal symptoms ... #Diagnosis #EM # ... Neuro #IM #Sycope ... #Algorithm #Ddxof
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
high WBC count cause ... fever - ACS, AKI ... WBC >100k, + lab signs ... of end organ damage ... Syndrome #TLS #diagnosis
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
- Differential Diagnosis ... Hypernatremia & end ... → Syncope • Signs ... /Symptoms: - Lightheadedness ... #causes #stroke