9 results
Emphysematous Cystitis
Epidemiology:
 • Usually middle-aged diabetic women
 • Other RF: neurogenic bladder, urinary tract outlet obstruction,
RF: neurogenic bladder ... indwelling urinary catheter ... Abdominal or flank ... present or signs of infection ... P May consider KUB
Lower Urinary Tract Infection: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

- Predisposing Factors:  Immunocompromised state, diabetes, elderly, female
Urinary Tract Infection ... Common): Indwelling catheter ... Enterococcus, Candida) -> Portal ... Urinary Tract Infection ... ("Cystitis"): Infection
ED Treatment of 
Abnormal Uterine Bleeding 

Hemodynamically unstable 
Resuscitation 
 • ABCs! 
 • Fluids +
pregnancy related cause ... with 26 French catheter ... increased risk of infection ... breast cancer, liver ... long-term therapy #AUB
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
• 1ml blood/liter ... deposits - Post-infectious ... renal vein between aorta ... • Cystitis • Bladder ... Hematuria: • Infection
Fever Patterns - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Continuous Fever:
Temp > 38°C with only 1 degree fluctuation in 24
Typhoid fever (Step ladder ... resolution falling to normal ... Pyogenic/focal infection ... Causes: • Still's ... Brucellosis • Liver
Nontuberculous Mycobacteria (NTM) Infections 

Mycobacterial species other than those belonging to the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and
status NTM Cause ... Lymphadenitis • Catheter ... Skin/Soft Tissue/Catheter ... Skin/Soft Tissue/Catheter ... (elevations of liver
Cyclosporiasis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Pathogen: 
 • Cyclospora cayetanensis
 • Foodborne, waterbone, and soil-transmitted.
 •
Egypt, sub-Saharan ... Transmission: • Fecal-oral ... transmission as zoonotic infection ... • Anorexia, Nausea ... Flatulence, Fatigue, Abdominal
Pyogenic liver abscess in children
Common bacterial causes in children:
 • S.aureus
 • Strep spp
 • Enteric
Common bacterial causes ... Pseudomonas Sources of infection ... of infection (cholecystitis ... endocarditis) - Portal ... sources within abdominal
Abdominal Compartment Syndrome & Intrabdominal Pressure Measurement
APP (Abdominal Perfusion Pressure) = MAP (Mean Arterial Pressure) -
POCUS) and function ... Foley urinary catheter ... Clamp catheter distal ... to the port with ... from the urinary catheter