11 results
Differential diagnosis for toxic/metabolic encephalopathies - Patterns on Brain Imaging

Cynthia Czawlytko, MD @drcyncity

#Differential #diagnosis #encephalopathies #encephalopathy
Differential diagnosis ... encephalopathies #encephalopathy ... #patterns #MRI ... #Neurology #pathology ... #diseases #radiology
Imaging Patterns of Toxic and Metabolic Brain Disorders

Thalami, Mammillary Bodies and Tectum: Wernicke Encephalopathy
Dentate Nuclei: Metronidazole,
and Metabolic Brain ... and Cingulate Cortex ... Pons: ODS #MRI ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Radiology #Neurology
How do you work up an ischemic CVA?
A) Initial Evaluation
 • ABCs
 • IV access, monitor
ischemic CVA (core ... brain w/o contrast ... Evaluate underlying cause ... stroke #workup #diagnosis ... #checklist #neurology
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
Chorioretinitis • Diagnosis ... Compatible syndrome + MRI ... RingEnhancing #Lesions #Brain ... #causes #radiology ... #neurology
Differentiating NBTE from Infective Endocarditis
No pathognomonic signs/symptoms or echo features that are specific to NBTE, and
pathognomonic signs ... Blood cultures/serology ... heart valves • MRI ... brain for cerebral ... Blood cultures/serology
Peri-operative Hyperthermia - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
If prolonged or ≥ 39 C this is a
hyperthermia crisis (late sign ... Phaeochromocytoma Neurologic ... blood • Hypoxic encephalopathy ... • Traumatic brain ... Anesthesia #Checklist #Diagnosis
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy ... parietal lobes of the brain ... may precede the neurologic ... the underlying cause ... #management #neurology
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
bouts of HTN Diagnostic ... • Bilateral signs ... ruled out • Brain ... brain and/or optic ... #management #neurology
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
- Causes progressive ... of UMN and LMN signs ... Escorial criteria uses ... MRI: Brain, cervical ... Lateral #Sclerosis #neurology
Headaches Overview - Primary vs Secondary Headaches

What’s the Core Difference?
 • Primary headache = headache is
What’s the Core ... the mnemonic "Mi-T-C ... stiffness) • Brain ... Secondary #Comparison #Neurology ... #Diagnosis