10 results
Differential diagnosis for toxic/metabolic encephalopathies - Patterns on Brain Imaging

Cynthia Czawlytko, MD @drcyncity

#Differential #diagnosis #encephalopathies #encephalopathy
Differential diagnosis ... on Brain Imaging ... #imaging #patterns ... #MRI #Neurology ... pathology #diseases #radiology
Imaging Patterns of Toxic and Metabolic Brain Disorders

Thalami, Mammillary Bodies and Tectum: Wernicke Encephalopathy
Dentate Nuclei: Metronidazole,
Imaging Patterns ... and Cingulate Cortex ... Pons: ODS #MRI ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Radiology #Neurology
How do you work up an ischemic CVA?
A) Initial Evaluation
 • ABCs
 • IV access, monitor
ischemic CVA (core ... brain w/o contrast ... Evaluate underlying cause ... stroke #workup #diagnosis ... #checklist #neurology
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
Chorioretinitis • Diagnosis ... Compatible syndrome + MRI ... RingEnhancing #Lesions #Brain ... #causes #radiology ... #neurology
Differentiating NBTE from Infective Endocarditis
No pathognomonic signs/symptoms or echo features that are specific to NBTE, and
pathognomonic signs ... Blood cultures/serology ... heart valves • MRI ... brain for cerebral ... Blood cultures/serology
Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Approach To Weakness:
 • Non-neuromuscular disorder (Cardiac, pulmonary etc)
 • CNS ->
Lack of UMN/LMN signs ... changes - Common pattern ... aminotransferases • Serology ... EMG) studies • MRI ... #neurology
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
parietal lobes of the brain ... may precede the neurologic ... Imaging Patterns ... the underlying cause ... #management #neurology
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
• Bilateral signs ... • Infectious causes ... ruled out • Brain ... brain and/or optic ... #management #neurology
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
- Causes progressive ... of UMN and LMN signs ... Escorial criteria uses ... MRI: Brain, cervical ... Lateral #Sclerosis #neurology
Authors: Mark M. Ramzy, DO, EMT-P (@MarkRamzyDO, EM Resident Physician, Drexel University, Department of Emergency Medicine)
Vital signs: BP ... chest radiograph pattern ... that your brain ... Most commonly caused ... #Radiology #CTChest