13 results
Primary and Secondary Causes of Mitral Regurgitation
Primary (organic) chronic mitral regurgitation:
 • Leaflet: Rheumatic fever, Infective
Rheumatic fever, Infective ... endocarditis, Myxomatous ... endocarditis, Ring ... #differential #diagnosis ... #cardiology #causes
Relative Risk of Various Predisoosing Conditions for Infective Endocarditis 
High Risk:
 - Prosthetic valves 
 -
Endocarditis ... valve disease - Mitral ... regurgitation ... RiskFactors #Cardiology ... #Diagnosis #Differential
Systolic Murmurs - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Benign / Flow / Hyperdynamic:
 • Pregnancy
 • Fever
 • Anemia
Supravalvular
Systolic Murmurs - Differential ... Marfan's Disease Mitral ... Fever • Trauma Mitral ... Systolic #Murmurs #Cardiology ... #Differential #
Causes of Severe Aortic Regurgitation - Differential Diagnosis
Acute:
 • Leaflet: Traumatic Rupture, Acute Infective Endocarditis, Acute
- Differential ... Endocarditis, Acute ... Dissection, Traumatic Injury ... : Infective Endocarditis ... #Differential #
Causes of Primary and Functional Mitral Regurgitation (MR) 
Causes of primary mitral regurgitation
 - Rheumatic heart
stenosis - Infective ... /marantic endocarditis ... papillary muscle injury ... #Mitral #Regurgitation ... Primary #Functional #Differential
Widened Pulse Pressure - Differential Diagnosis and Pathophysiology

Pulse pressure is the difference between the systolic blood
Pulse Pressure - Differential ... Heart Failure • Infective ... Endocarditis ... • Mitral Regurgitation ... • Mitral Stenosis
Hemoptysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Massive Hemoptysis: >150-300 mL in 24h
Airway disease: 
 • Bronchitis, Bronchiectasis, Malignancy
Hemoptysis - Differential ... Parenchyma: • Infection ... • Valvular (Mitral ... stenosis or regurgitation ... , Tricuspid endocarditis
Causes of Thrombocytopenia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Decreased Production:
 - Drugs (chemo, yang, sulfa, acetaminophen, NSAIDs, quinine,
Thrombocytopenia - Differential ... quinine, etc) - Viral ... infiltration: malignancy, infection ... valve replacement, endocarditis ... Diagnosis #Framework #hematology
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
Involves aortic and mitral ... regurgitation ... Septic Emboli Cause Injury ... Marantic (NTBE) Differential ... Marantic: Emboli > Regurgitation
Causes of mitral stenosis
Rheumatic heart disease
 - Most common cause worldwide. Commissural fusion, thick MV leaflets
Causes of mitral ... Whipple's disease Infective ... endocarditis (vegetations ... Causes #diagnosis #differential ... #cardiology