5 results
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
• Normal/low ... ketoacidosis • D-lactic ... of sodium and potassium ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
A urine K/Cr ratio ... - Metabolic Alkalosis ... diagnosis #Algorithm #differential ... #potassium #nephrology ... #low
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
Acidosis - Differential ... excretion (e.g., urine ... liver or renal injury ... LV failure - Low ... #typea #typeb #classification
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
• Normal or low ... Hypocalciuria (spot urine ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... Supplement: • Potassium ... Syndrome #diagnosis #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia
I. Decreased intake
   A. Starvation
   B. Clay ingestion
II. Redistribution into
Metabolic alkalosis ... infarction, head injury ... #Hypokalemia #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Low ... #Potassium #Classification