436 results
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Low intake 
• poor oral intake 

Renal loss 
• Medication 
• Hypomagnesemia 
•
Hypokalemia Differential ... Adrenergic excess • Insulin ... Hypothermia • Hypokalemic ... amzn.to/2LmUODZ #Hypokalemia
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Redistribution - Insulin ... proliferation - Hypokalemic ... DrEricStrong #Hypokalemia
ECG Changes in Hyperkalemia and Treatment
Membrane Stabilization
 - Calcium gluconate or chloride 
Redistribution
 - Insulin
ECG Changes in Hyperkalemia ... Redistribution - Insulin ... Hemodialysis #Hyperkalemia
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Increased Loss 
 - Increased GI Loss
 - Increased Urinary
Causes of Hypokalemia ... K+ into cells: Insulin ... Refeeding Syndrome #Hypokalemia
Hyperkalemia Management
Membrane Stabilizers:
 • Calcium gluconate
Shifters:
 • Insulin + glucose
 • Albuterol
Excreters:
 • Furosemide
 • Sodium
Hyperkalemia Management ... gluconate Shifters: • Insulin ... Medicine @ucsdim #Hyperkalemia
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased intake (rare cause in isolation)
GI loss - Urine loss
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Transcellular shift • Insulin ... paralysis/familial hypokalemic ... Liddle's syndrome #Hypokalemia
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis - Impaired Excretion vs Redistribution

Impaired Urinary Excretion 
 - Renal failure
 -
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... toxicity Other - Insulin ... DrEricStrong #Hyperkalemia
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Hypokalemia Differential ... Intracellular Shift • Insulin ... NephTwitter) #Hypokalemia
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Increased plasma insulin ... ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic ... congenital), Thyrotoxic hypokalemic ... or induced) #Hypokalemia
Emergency Therapy of Hyperkalemia
Therapy - Dose and Route - Onset of Action - Duration of Effect
Emergency Therapy of Hyperkalemia ... Albuterol (nebulized), Insulin ... Hemodialysis #Hyperkalemia