11 results
Diabetic Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Mild Non-proliferative DR
 • Outpouchings of the weakened capillary walls or
re-vascularize the ischemic ... nerve layer -> Flame ... causes upregulation ... Retinopathy #Diabetes #ophthalmology ... complications #pathophysiology
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
inner retina and flame ... fluffy white ischemic ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #signs
Eosinophil Disorders Testing Algorithm
INDICATIONS FOR TESTING:
 • Peripheral blood eosinophilia/hypereosinophilia uncovered incidentally during medical evaluation or
Disorders Testing Algorithm ... for secondary causes ... eosinophilia (common causes ... glucocorticoid treatment ... organ-specific signs
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
Leukostasis: • Pathophysiology ... high WBC count cause ... AKI, acute limb ischemia ... WBC >100k, + lab signs ... Lysis Syndrome: • Pathophysiology
Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION) - Recognition of giant cell arteritis (GCA)

1) Is visual loss caused
Anterior ischemic ... Is visual loss caused ... Doppler US : halo sign ... #Rheumatology #Ophthalmology ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Drug Induced Liver Injury (DILI) - Stepwise Diagnosis Algorithm
DILI suspicion
Features toxic aetiology: Skin involvement, Kidney injury,
Stepwise Diagnosis Algorithm ... non-essential drug/HDS treatments ... for alternative causes ... disease, Hepatic ischaemia ... #hepatology
Central Retinal Artery Occlusion: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Inflammatory Disease: (i.e. GCA, SLE, GPA) ->
retinal edema caused ... by ischemia results ... Occlusion #CRAO #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #signs
Portal Vein Thrombosis (PVT) Treatment Algorithm
 - If concern for ischemic: anti-coag+multidisciplinary care
 - W/o cirrhosis+recent
Algorithm - If ... concern for ischemic ... - Cirrhosis: case-by-cased ... #management #Algorithm ... #hepatology
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
lateral sclerosis Pathophysiology ... in improperly folded ... - Causes progressive ... Escorial criteria uses ... diagnosis column Treatment
It is important to recognize Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF) as more than just simply a
Signs of poor perfusion ... Signs of congestion ... the determined cause ... #differential #algorithm ... #table #foamed