11 results
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Equina Syndrome Causes ... lumbar spine Signs ... suspected, immediate MRI ... Syndrome #MSK #pathophysiology ... #signs
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
Leukostasis: • Pathophysiology ... high WBC count cause ... AKI, acute limb ischemia ... WBC >100k, + lab signs ... Lysis Syndrome: • Pathophysiology
Pott's Disease in Tuberculosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology:
 - Typically from TB endemic areas
 -
extrapulmonary cases ... Clinical Signs ... years - May have signs ... decreased reflexes Pathophysiology ... Diagnosis: - MRI
Intraoperative Cardiac Ischaemia - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia

If the patient is unconscious, signs of cardiac
is unconscious, signs ... is conscious, symptoms ... a 12-lead ECG as ... soon as possible ... consultation with cardiology
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
damaged BRB appears as ... fluffy white ischemic ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology ... ophthalmology #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms #complications
Features That Differentiate Acute Pericarditis from Myocardial Ischemia or Infarction and Pulmonary Embolism

In contrast to the
from Myocardial Ischemia ... life-threatening causes ... chest pain, such as ... #Pericarditis #Symptoms ... #Signs #Presentation
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
of UMN and LMN signs ... of UMN and LMN signs ... both UMN and LMN signs ... EMG: LMN Signs in ... MRI: Brain, cervical
In order to better classify heart failure, the American College of Cardiology Foundation and the American
based solely on symptoms ... who never show symptoms ... or signs of heart ... #CHF #Congestive ... Classification #Stages #Classes
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
monophasic Pathophysiology ... cord compression (MRI ... • Bilateral signs ... and/or symptoms ... • Infectious causes
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
• Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
• Mononeuritis multiplex
• Hematuria, proteinuria,
purpura: Strong sign ... • Progressive symptoms ... oligoclonal bands • MRI ... tract, and often causes ... aneurysms can also