14 results
Atrial Fibrillation - Diagnosis, Causes, Presentations
Causes (PIRATES):
 - Pulmonary embolism 
 - Ischemia (cardiac) 
 -
Presentations Causes ... (PIRATES): - Pulmonary ... embolism - Ischemia ... Mnemonic #PIRATES #Emergency ... #Cardiology
EKG in Acute Pulmonary Embolism
The sensitivity and specificity for EKG findings in acute PE are low.
EKG
EKG in Acute Pulmonary ... evaluating for other causes ... leads) RV Ischemia ... #EKG #Pulmonary ... AcutePE #diagnosis #cardiology
Diffuse Acute Abdominal Pain (<72 hours) - Differential Diagnostic Algorithm
Look for surgical abdomen
Upper quadrant: R/O cardiac,
: R/O cardiac, pulmonary ... musculoskeletal causes ... genitourinary causes ... • Mesenteric ischemia ... Metabolic disease (e.g
Approach to Possible Hypertensive Emergency

criteria required to diagnose hypertensive emergency
(1) Severe hypertension
 - Usually a MAP
mm is needed to cause ... hypertension (e.g ... - Myocardial ischemia ... type-II myocardial ischemia ... - Pulmonary edema
Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema - Differential Diagnosis Framework

NCPE Pathophysiology:
Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema occurs because of excessive pulmonary capillary
Noncardiogenic Pulmonary ... Causes include: ... level <100 pg/ml EKG ... • Negative for ischemic ... differential #diagnosis #cardiology
Pulmonary Renal Syndromes - OnePager Summary
Autoimmune ANCA vasculitis (AAV): GPA (granulomatous with polyangiitis), EGPA (eosinophilic granulomatosis
EGPA) • Digital ischemia ... EGPA (↓ LVEF, pericardial ... recent DAN) • EMG ... Goodpasture's cause ... hematuria, RBC casts
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
, - regional ischemia ... / hypoxemia -> focus ... - regional ischemia ... output - Acute pulmonary ... - Mesenteric ischemia
Atrial Fibrillation (A-Fib) Summary

Symptoms:
• Palpitations, light-headedness, dizziness, dyspnea, exercise intolerance, chest pain, near-syncope, syncope.

Why?
Cardiac:
	• Valvular heart
Decompensated HF • New ischemia ... Noncardiac: • Pulmonary ... structural and electrical ... ventricular hypertrophy, pericardial ... diagnosis #management #cardiology
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
Cerebral > Splenic, pulmonary ... Early embolic/ischemic ... ↑ ESR, CRP • EKG ... Treat underlying cause ... diagnosis #management #cardiology
Preoperative Risk Evaluation

Major Pre-Op Questions:
1. Does the patient have any modifiable risk factors that could be
history of: a) Ischemic ... indicated • EKG ... Obtain EKG if: ... one post op Cardiology ... undergoing AAA or upper abdominal