13 results
Brudzinski’s Sign in Meningitis (first described in 19th century by Dr. Josef Brudzinski)

Brudzinski's sign is characterized
Brudzinski’s Sign ... Brudzinski's sign ... Passive neck flexion causes ... despite severe disease ... #Video #PhysicalExam
Causes of Knee Effusions - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Knee Effusion Red Flags:
1. Fever/Chills/Joint pain/Night sweats/Weight loss
	- DDX:
		-
Causes of Knee Effusions ... Osteoarthritis - Overuse syndrome ... Seronegative Reactive Syndrome ... differential #diagnosis #msk ... #physicalexam
Leg Pain - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Bone/Joint Causes of Leg Pain:
 • Fracture
 • Arthritis
 • Gout/pseudogout
Arthritis • Gout ... Legg-Calve-Perthes disease ... - HIV - Lyme disease ... lower #extremity #msk ... #physicalexam
Characteristic clinical manifestations of Down syndrome 
 
Typical craniofacial appearance 
 • Round face and flat
manifestations of Down syndrome ... atlanto-axial instability ... #Downs #Syndrome ... #PhysicalExam # ... Features #Signs
Syncope is a sudden, transient loss of consciousness, which is thought to be secondary to cerebral
structural heart disease ... frequently benign causes ... carotid sinus syndrome ... orthostatic vital sign ... the underlying disease
Fever Patterns - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Continuous Fever:
Temp > 38°C with only 1 degree fluctuation in 24
Acute bacterial meningitis ... Non-Infectious Causes ... • Behcet's syndrome ... • Hyper-IgD syndrome ... Brucellosis Faget's Sign
Gout - Diagnosis and Management Summary

3 Conditions for Gout to Manifest:
1. Hyperuricemia
2. Monosodium urate deposition in
sex • Metabolic syndrome ... forefoot, ankles, knees ... double contour sign ... Dual-energy CT → MSU ... +Radiographic signs
Emergent Causes of Headache and Associated Risk Factors
Carbon monoxide poisoning
 - Breathing in enclosed or confined
Emergent Causes ... eg, furnaces) Meningitis ... collagen vascular diseases ... vasoconstriction syndrome ... headache #redflags #signs
Vasculitis and Vasculitides - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
 • Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
 •
tract, and often causes ... Mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome ... VASCULITIS: • Behçet Syndrome ... • Cogan Syndrome ... purpura: strong sign
Newborn Infant - Routine Examination

Birthweight, gestational age and birthweight percentile are noted.
General observation Of the baby's
is also a late sign ... of meningitis. ... Down syndrome is ... are observed for signs ... Newborn #Infant #PhysicalExam