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diagnosis differential hematology oncology high hyperkalemia algorithm classification management mds myelodysplastic nephrology acidosis aplastic bariatric bypass cirrhosis complications elevation gastric
Causes of Thrombocytosis - Differential Diagnosis Secondary Thrombocytosis (a.k.a Reactive Thrombocytosis): • Acute infection • Solid organ
Causes of Thrombocytosis ... malignancies • Anemia ... Myelodysplastic syndrome ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes ... #hematology #secondary
Causes of Thrombocytosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Spurious: • Artifact (redo CBC) Autonomous: • Essential thrombocytosis • Polycythemia
Causes of Thrombocytosis ... effect following treatment ... Iron deficiency anemia ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes ... #Hematology
Approach to Thrombocytosis - Elevated Platelet Count - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Peripheral Smear concerning for malignancy?
Approach to Thrombocytosis ... → Refer to hematology ... hemolysis, deficiency anemia ... Rebound effect from treatment ... Kawasaki, Nephrotic syndrome
Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MD) - Diagnosis and Management Summary myelo (marrow) -dys- (abnormal) -plastic (shape) = funny-shaped cells
Myelodysplastic Syndrome ... old, ~10,000 new cases ... cytopenias (usually anemia ... only curative treatment ... #hematology #oncology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework PseudoHyperkalemia: • Lab error • Traumatic venipuncture • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis •
• Hemolysis, thrombocytosis ... and edema • Jaundice ... - Tumor lysis syndrome ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #potassium #high
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework PseudoHyperkalemia: • Lab error • Traumatic venipuncture • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis •
• Hemolysis, thrombocytosis ... and edema • Jaundice ... - Tumor lysis syndrome ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #potassium #high
Aplastic Anemia - Overview Who? • M = F • 3 peaks: 1) Childhood 2) 15-25 years 3) >60 years What? • Aplastic anemia
Constitutional Syndromes ... and petechiae Causes ... Constitutional Syndromes ... Treatment: ... #oncology #hematology
Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS) What? Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of disorders caused by blood cells that are poorly
Out Secondary Causes ... factor (GCSF) treatments ... marrow studies Treatment ... Immunosuppressive treatment ... #diagnosis #hematology
Leukemias Overview: ALL, CML, AML, APML, CLL Acute leukemias > 20% blasts in the peripheral blood smear
-> AML: Blast crises ... basophilia, and thrombocytosis ... - infiltrates (anemia ... • Tumor lysis syndrome ... Intracellular Urate, Potassium
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
/ hypoxemia -> focus ... perfusion - shock->treatments ... before beginning treatment ... - Compartment syndrome ... 30mmHg) - Severe anemia
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