13 results
Causes of Knee Effusions - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Knee Effusion Red Flags:
1. Fever/Chills/Joint pain/Night sweats/Weight loss
	- DDX:
		-
Causes of Knee Effusions ... - Differential ... injuries - Meniscal ... #Effusions #causes ... diagnosis #msk #
Causes of Pleural Effusion - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Transudate - Hydrostatic
 • Congestive heart failure
 • Constrictive
Causes of Pleural ... Effusion - Differential ... Malignancy • Pulmonary ... • Postcardiac injury ... #Pulmonary #Diagnosis
Lipohemarthrosis on POCUS
Pain in L knee after injury. Long axis in suprapatellar recess. What's the diagnosis?
Answer:
after injury. ... Lipohemarthrosis caused ... liquid layer in the effusion ... POCUS #clinical #ultrasound ... #msk #knee
Pulmonary Pathology and Associated Lung Ultrasound Findings
Pneumothorax:
 - No lung sliding/barcode sign
 - Lung point (hard
Associated Lung Ultrasound ... pleura in severe cases ... Possible bilateral effusion ... Respiratory Distress Syndrome ... #differential #
Pulmonary Renal Syndromes - OnePager Summary
Autoimmune ANCA vasculitis (AAV): GPA (granulomatous with polyangiitis), EGPA (eosinophilic granulomatosis
quantify renal injury ... LVEF, pericardial effusion ... Goodpasture's cause ... #differential # ... diagnosis #management
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
Lactic Acidosis - Differential ... liver or renal injury ... output - Acute pulmonary ... - Compartment syndrome ... gluconeogenesis Liver Injury
Posterior Knee Dislocation Injury
Specifically, POSTERIOR KNEE DISLOCATIONS can have significant associated injury that needs unique approach
DISLOCATION: ~25% cases ... Compartment syndrome ... special ligament/meniscus ... consider compartment syndrome ... #msk #clinical
Amiodarone Induced Lung Toxicity Summary

Who?
• 5% of patients
• Dose ≥ 400 mg per day

How?  Possible
cytotoxic lung injury ... exudative pleural effusions ... respiratory distress syndrome ... Exclude other causes ... #diagnosis #management
Diagnosis and Management of Diffuse Alveolar Hemorrhage (DAH)
Blood escaping through the capillary wall into the alveoli,
Diagnosis and Management ... alveoli, due to injury ... infiltrates, no pleural effusion ... #Pulmonary #Differential ... #Causes
Sjogren's Syndrome Overview

Epidemiology:
• F > M: 9:1
• 5-6th Decades (can be any age)

Autoimmune exocrinopathy multisystemic disease
Hypocomplementemia • Can cause ... thickening or effusion ... , INC risk PE, Pulmonary ... phenomenon (16%) MSK ... Rheumatology #Diagnosis #Management