7 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
Hypokalemia - Differential ... NG drainage - Diarrhea ... - Polyuria - Hypomagnesemia ... Diagnosis #Low #Potassium ... Classification #Causes
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Causes of Hypokalemia ... - Differential ... starts by measuring ... Renal K loss • Hypomagnesemia-induced ... #nephrology #potassium
Potassium-Binding Agents to Treat Hyperkalemia
Sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (Lokelma):
 • Mechanism: Preferentially captures K in exchange for
Potassium-Binding ... Side Effects: Hypomagnesemia ... , diarrhea, nausea ... constipation, diarrhea ... #medications #pharmacology
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
losses - Chronic diarrhea ... Renal Loses - Medications ... Hypercalcemia - Hypokalemia ... #Differential # ... Classification #Causes
Causes of Hypomagnesemia
Redistribution:
 - IV glucose
 - Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis
 - IV hyperalimentation
 - Refeeding
Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... biliary fistula - Diarrhea ... osmotic diuresis - Potassium ... #differential # ... medications #drugs
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
, mild hypomagnesemia ... (renal potassium ... Hypocalciuria (spot ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... Congenital chloride diarrhea
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
 • Cellular Shift:
   - Exercise
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... - Differential ... hyperosmolality - Medications ... #Differential # ... #potassium #high