12 results
Causes of HyperKalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Increased extracellular K+:
 • Tissue injury
 • Hemolysis
 • Rhabdomyolysis
 •
Causes of HyperKalemia ... K+: • Tissue injury ... glycosides • High ... acute iatrogenic ... dietary intake • Blood
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
phlebotomy High ... • Trauma/Crush injury ... • Blood transfusion ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
phlebotomy High ... • Trauma/Crush injury ... • Blood transfusion ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology
NSAIDS and their effects on the Kidney - Pathophysiology

Arachidonic Acid metabolites into alternative pathways that modify
hyporenin hypoaldo, hyperkalemic ... decreased renal blood ... Idiosyncratic immune reaction ... • Acute Interstitial ... KidneyDisease #nephrology
Blood Transfusion Reactions

Immune Mediated:
 • Febrile Non-Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction (FNHTR): Most common immune reaction to transfusion.
Acute Hemolytic ... Transfusion Related Acute ... Lung Injury (TRALI ... High mortality. ... Hypocalcemia, Hyperkalemia
Blood Product Transfusions One Pager Summary
Type and screen - determines blood type and detects in recipient
- Acute Hemolytic ... Transfusion Related Acute ... Lung Injury (TRALI ... High mortality. ... Hypocalcemia, Hyperkalemia
Lactated Ringers (LR) vs Normal Saline (NS) - Comparison

Composition of LR:
 • Sodium 130 mEq/L
 •
- Protective effects ... states such as acute ... Is Dangerous in Hyperkalemia ... densa receives high ... • Saline May Cause
Causes of Hyperkalemia
l. Pseudohyperkalemia
  A Cellular efflux; thrombocytosis, erythrocytosis, leukocytosis, in vitro hemolysis
  B.
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... injury F. ... Differential #Diagnosis #High ... #Potassium #Classification ... #Causes
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
removal from the blood ... liver or renal injury ... cardiac output - Acute ... peritonitis - Acute ... #typea #typeb #classification
Borrelia recurrentis on Peripheral Blood Smear
23M Somali refugee recently arrived w/severe abd pain, confusion and fever
Specific organ injury ... Mortality is high ... smear, acute and ... often experience acute ... Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction