9 results
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia - Summary

Cancer affecting lymphocytes/Mature B cell neoplasm
 • Lymphocytes accumulate in large numbers
• Peripheral smear ... Lymphocytosis: Absolute blood ... • Richter’s Syndrome ... leukemia • Sezary syndrome ... #hematology
Leukemias Overview: ALL, CML, AML, APML, CLL

Acute leukemias > 20% blasts in the peripheral blood smear
smear or on bone ... develop leukostasis syndrome ... • Tumor lysis syndrome ... #Leukemia #Hematology ... #Oncology #Diagnosis
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
Syndrome (CAS): ... smear - RBC agglutination ... sensitize red blood ... cells (RBCs) at ... hemolytic #anemia #hematology
Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)

What?
Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of disorders caused by blood cells that are poorly
Myelodysplastic Syndromes ... Myelodysplastic syndromes ... Peripheral Smear ... #diagnosis #hematology ... #oncology
VEXAS (Vacuoles, E1 enzyme, X-linked, Autoinflammatory, Somatic) Syndrome
Clinical Syndrome:
 • Common Clinical Features: alveolitis, ear and
Clinical Syndrome ... myelodysplastic syndrome ... myelodysplastic syndrome ... including peripheral blood ... NEJM Review: https
Causes of Anemia with elevated Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Blood Smear
 •
Algorithm Normal Blood ... Smear • Drugs ... Myelodysplastic Syndromes ... Macrocytosis, Target Cells ... Algorithm #Causes #Hematology
Aplastic Anemia - Overview

Who?
• M = F
• 3 peaks:	1) Childhood	2) 15-25 years	3) >60 years

What?
• Aplastic anemia
Constitutional Syndromes ... Constitutional Syndromes ... marrow-failure syndromes ... myelodysplastic syndrome ... result from low blood
Schistocytes - The arrows point to schistocytes which are fragmented red blood cells. Also called schizocytes,
fragmented red blood ... In the right photo ... hemolytic- uremic syndromes ... Path #BloodSmear #Blood ... #Smear #Schistocytes
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
• Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
• Mononeuritis multiplex
• Hematuria, proteinuria,
pulses, bruits, or blood ... Mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome ... elevated protein, lymphocytic ... vasculitis • Behcet syndrome ... vasculitis • Cogan syndrome