55 results
Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) Effect in Calcium and Phosphorus
Calcium - Net Effect Hypercalcemia:
   ↑ intestinal
absorption ↑ bone ... Hypophosphatemia: ↑ bone ... Calcium #Phosphorus #pathophysiology ... #endocrinology
Innate Immune Cells - Pathophysiology
The innate immune system consists of granulocytes, mast cells, natural killer cells,
Innate Immune Cells ... - Pathophysiology ... natural killer cells ... #Pathophysiology ... #immunology
Diabetes Pathophysiology and Medication Targets

The ominous octet is one concept that summarizes the different pathophysiologic pathways
Diabetes Pathophysiology ... ominous octet is one ... the different pathophysiologic ... #Diabetes #Pathophysiology ... Targets #Drug #Endocrinology
Hyperparathyroidism - Primary vs Secondary vs Tertiary 
Lab Comparison:
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism: ↑→PTH, ↑Calcium, ↑Vitamin D,
signs, Fragile bones ... easily/weakness, Bone ... Hyperparathyroidism #diagnosis #endocrinology ... Secondary #Tertiary #pathophysiology
Cellular and humoral immune responses of the adaptive immune system. Activated T cells accomplish cellular immune
Activated T cells ... involves two paths, one ... response) and one ... ImmuneResponses #immunology ... #pathophysiology
How dendritic cells (DCs) orchestrate adaptive immunity
1- Sensing of microbial and damage signals by DCs
2- Phenotypic
How dendritic cells ... adaptive #immunity #immunology ... #pathophysiology
Inflammatory Cascade: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Continued Innate Immunity
 • Phagocytosis: (main mechanism) neutrophils and macrophages engulf
Natural Killer Cells ... #Inflammation #pathophysiology ... #immunology
Mastoiditis: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Acute or Chronic Otitis Media -> 
Stage 1: Hyperemeia of the mastoid
3: Necrosis of bone ... destroying thin bony ... of the temporal bone ... inner cortical bone ... #Mastoiditis #pathophysiology
Type IV Hypersensitivity: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
Definition: Unique because it is entirely T-Cell mediated; exposure to
Particular CD4+ Th cells ... harmful -> Th Cells ... macrophages, mast cells ... HypersensitivityReaction #Allergy #Immunology ... #pathophysiology
Anaphylaxis: Pathogenesis
Anaphylaxis is a Type 1 hypersensitivity reaction
While the primary mechanism of anaphylaxis is mast cell
of inflammatory cells ... #Anaphylaxis #pathophysiology ... #immunology