31 results
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Increased Loss 
 - Increased GI Loss
 - Increased Urinary
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... imports K+ into cells ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #potassium ... #low #pathophysiology
Hyperkalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
R/O Pseudo-hyperkalemia:
 • Possible Lab error! Alwavs Repeat Blood sample!
 • Leukocytosis, Thrombocytosis:
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Thrombocytosis: cells ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #potassium ... #high #pathophysiology
Innate Immune Cells - Pathophysiology
The innate immune system consists of granulocytes, mast cells, natural killer cells,
Innate Immune Cells ... - Pathophysiology ... natural killer cells ... #Pathophysiology ... #immunology
Drugs that Impair Renal Potassium Excretion 

Decreased ENaC channel function: Amiloride, Triamterene, Pentamidine
Decreased Aldosterone Synthesis: Heparin,
that Impair Renal Potassium ... #Hyperkalemia #Pathophysiology ... #Pharmacology # ... Impaired #Potassium
Immune Reactions and Immunosuppressant Drugs

Glucocorticoids - Inhibition of cytokine synthesis, e.g., IL-1, IL-2
Muromonab-CD3 - Monoclonal antibody
Calcineurin
Immunosuppressant #Drugs #Pharmacology ... #Pathophysiology ... #immunology
How dendritic cells (DCs) orchestrate adaptive immunity
1- Sensing of microbial and damage signals by DCs
2- Phenotypic
How dendritic cells ... adaptive #immunity #immunology ... #pathophysiology
Inflammatory Cascade: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Continued Innate Immunity
 • Phagocytosis: (main mechanism) neutrophils and macrophages engulf
Natural Killer Cells ... #Inflammation #pathophysiology ... #immunology
Digoxin Pharmacology and Pathophysiology
1) Na/K ATPase Pump - Digoxin works by directly binding to and inhibiting
Digoxin Pharmacology ... and Pathophysiology ... the cell, serum potassium ... CaitEKulig #Digoxin #Pharmacology ... #Pathophysiology
Sulfonylureas - Pharmacology Summary
Mechanisms of Action: Binds to the ATP-sensitive potassium channel in pancreatic beta cells,
Sulfonylureas - Pharmacology ... ATP-sensitive potassium ... pancreatic beta cells ... Sulfonylureas #Pharmacology
Mechanisms of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia 
 • Direct renin inhibitor (Aliskiren)
 • Renin release inhibition (NSAIDs, Beta-Blockers)
differential #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #pharmacology # ... potassium #medications