5 results
Differential Diagnosis and Evaluation of Hyponatremia:
1) Identification of onset (acute vs. chronic)
2) Presence of symptoms (HA,
Differential Diagnosis ... history (cardiac, liver ... #EM #IM #Nephro ... #Differential #Algorithm ... #Ddxof
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Hypernatremia Diagnosis ... Repeat the sodium ... HYPERVOLEMIC • CHF • liver ... #Workup #Algorithm ... #Nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
- Differential Algorithm ... Heart Failure, Liver ... MH/CCF/CWRU EM ... #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology #sodium
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis ... Treatment: Treatment ... include vaptans (HF/liver ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #nephrology #sodium
Management of Pruritus in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease
Pruritus with no primary lesions - differential diagnosis:
- differential diagnosis ... pruritus • Liver ... #Pruritus #Treatment ... #Algorithm #Hemodialysis ... Uremia #Management #Nephrology