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Lung Infections in HIV - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Disease by CD4 Count:
Any CD4 Count:
 • Mycobacterium tuberculosis,
loss, lethargy, fever ... • Fever, weight ... be normal • Fever ... : • (Fever, weight ... factor • May cause
The idiopathic interstitial pneumonias (IIPs) comprise a heterogenous group of disorders. 
They represent fundamental responses of
indicates unknown cause ... listed in the table ... #Diagnosis #Radiology ... #Pulmonary #CTChest ... #Findings #RadiologyAssistant
Interstitial pneumonias
An acute reticular pattern is most frequently caused by interstitial edema due to cardiac heart
most frequently caused ... The other cause ... cough and some fever ... #Clinical #Radiology ... #PJP #RadiologyAssistant
Lobar pneumonia
On the chest x-ray there is an ill-defined area of increased density in the right
On the chest x-ray ... there is an ill-defined ... weight loss or long ... #Clinical #Radiology ... #RadiologyAssistant
Upper lung zone preference is seen in:
- Inhaled particles: pneumoconiosis (silica or coal)
- Smoking related diseases
Upper lung zone ... bronchiolitis (RB-ILD ... is seen in: - UIP ... edema #Diagnosis #Radiology ... #Differential #Table
Consolidation is synonymous with airspace disease.
When you think of the causes of consolidation, think of 'what
or tumor cells (Table ... fibrosis as in UIP ... #Diagnosis #Radiology ... #Pulmonary #CTChest ... #Differential #RadiologyAssistant
Fever Patterns - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Continuous Fever:
Temp > 38°C with only 1 degree fluctuation in 24
104°F) • Lobar pneumonia ... gram-negative pneumonia ... Non-Infectious Causes ... • Hyper-IgD syndrome ... or lung abscess
On the left a case of chronic eosinophilic pneumonia.
It was a patient with low-grade fever, progressive
On the left a case ... with low-grade fever ... #Clinical #Radiology ... #CTChest #Eosinophilic ... #RadiologyAssistant
Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia (COP)

Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia Overview:
 • Idiopathic form of organizing pneumonia
 • formerly BOOP
of interstitial lung ... Unknown • 6-7 cases ... cough, dyspnea, fever ... Treatment: • Mild ... BOOP #pulmonary #ILD
Approach to Eosinophilic Lung Diseases
 • Acute Eosinophilic Pneumonia (< 1 wk) - ~30yo, M; Recent
to Eosinophilic Lung ... initiation of smoking; Fever ... brown sputum, fever ... Travel hx, food hx; Fever ... diagnosis #comparison #table