7 results
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
• Normal/low ... Urine chloride is ... #urine #Algorithm ... #nephrology #differential ... #diagnosis
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid 
ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
Algorithm - Utilizing ... Osmolarity 3) Urine ... Sodium 4) Serum ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #sodium #low #uricacid
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup

NAGMA
- Chem, ABG or VBG
- Calculate Anion
- Differential Diagnosis ... Framework and Workup ... Chloride Intoxication ... high/normal 3. ... #Workup #nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Workup Algorithm ... 1) Check Urine ... • Euvolemic (Low ... #Workup #Algorithm ... #nephrology #sodium
Citrate Anticoagulation Toxicity

Hypernatremia (HyperNa):
 - Citrate solutions may have ↑ sodium content and should be paired
dysfunction or low ... metabolism Metabolic alkalosis ... → 3 HCO3- #Citrate ... Toxicity #toxicology #nephrology ... #diagnosis
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
normal volume-based algorithm ... Urine Na+K / serum ... #differential #diagnosis ... #table #sodium ... #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
thiazide-sensitive sodium ... • Normal or low ... Hypocalciuria (spot urine ... Gitelman #Syndrome #diagnosis ... #nephrology #management