10 results
Mechanisms of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia 
 • Direct renin inhibitor (Aliskiren)
 • Renin release inhibition (NSAIDs, Beta-Blockers)
• Exogenous (KCL ... #hyperkalemia #differential ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #pharmacology # ... #medications #druginduced
Iron Deficiency in Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)

Iron deficiency (ID) in heart failure is a common comorbidity
Ferritin < 100 ng/mL ... depot iron] Treatment ... Heart #Failure #CHF ... #pharmacology # ... pathophysiology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Diuretics and Agents ... Inhibitors of Na+K+2Cl ... Tolvaptan) • Treatment ... #Nephrology #Pharmacology ... #Medications #Table
TRALI vs TACO - Transfusion Reactions
TRALI:
 • Epidemiology: 0.1% of transfused patientsl
 • Risk factors: Critical
: 33% • Treatment ... : Age>60, CKD, CHF ... : No • Treatment ... : Supportive + diuresis ... diagnosis #comparison #table
Major Segments of the Nephron and their Functions 
 - Glomerulus - Formation of glomerular filtrate
acid and most diuretics ... filtered Na+/K+/Cl ... Segments #Function #Pathophysiology ... #Tubules #Table ... #Pharmacology
Differentiation Syndrome in APML
Epidemiology:
 • Incidence: common in APL (2-48% depending on the study)
 • Triggers:
Triggers: ATRA treatment ... Pathophysiology ... initiation • Differential ... sepsis), PE, DAH, CHF ... Supportive Care: Diuresis
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary

Trauma:
 • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury
Exertional:
 •
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential ... Dermatomyositis) AKI - Pathophysiology ... oxidative iniury Treatment ... per day until stable ... Loop diuretics for
It is important to recognize Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF) as more than just simply a
excreted using diuretics ... #diagnosis #differential ... #table #foamed ... #heartfailure #chf ... icu #clinical #pharmacology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential ... urine output: 200 ml ... per day until stable ... Loop diuretics for ... Rhabdomyolysis #Differential
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
Etiology: • Pathophysiology ... Anterior circulation: MCA ... Reversible course Differential ... epilepticus Treatment ... underlying cause • Treatment