15 results
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
, Gitelman syndrome ... poisoning Normal acid-base ... Urine chloride is ... and potassium acid ... #nephrology #differential
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
- Differential ... diuretic use, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... poisoning • Normal acid-base ... #Alkalosis #Differential
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Primary Metabolic ... Alkalosis - Differential ... (late) • High Urine ... #Primary #Metabolic ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... Alkalosis - Differential ... hyperaldosteronism • Low Urine ... (late) • High Urine ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Nephrology
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Hypochloremia - Differential ... • Fatigue Chloride ... secretion • Acid-base ... components of acid-base ... #Chloride
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
Causes of Metabolic ... Alkalosis: Differential ... volume contracted: urine ... #Alkalosis #Differential ... Diagnosis #Causes #nephrology
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup

NAGMA
- Chem, ABG or VBG
- Calculate Anion
Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential ... Chloride Intoxication ... insufficiency (GFR 20-50 ml ... NonAnionGap #Acidosis #Metabolic ... #NAGMA #Differential
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acid Base Disorders ... Differentials? ... (AG) = {Na - (Cl ... D-lactate (short bowel syndrome ... ABG #bloodgas #Acid
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... Alkalosis - Differential ... hyperaldosteronism • Low Urine ... (late) • High Urine ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
Hypochloremic metabolic ... Hypocalciuria (spot urine ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... #diagnosis #nephrology ... #management #pathophysiology