8 results
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
Algorithm for patients ... HCO3- • Low Urine ... Non-reabsorbable anion effect ... #urine #potassium ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Algorithm Before ... A urine K/Cr ratio ... • Diarrhea A urine ... urinary losses: • High ... #nephrology #low
Management of Pediatric Kidney Stones
Acute Managment:
 • Pain relief: NSAIDs, opioids
 • Facilitating passage of stone:
Kidney Stones Acute ... • Can consider medical ... Surgical Rx: • ACUTE ... protein - Low ... sodium diet
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Urinary Chloride Algorithm ... alkalosis • Normal/low ... mineralocorticoid-like effect ... and potassium acid ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Lactated Ringers (LR) vs Normal Saline (NS) - Comparison

Composition of LR:
 • Sodium 130 mEq/L
 •
130 mEq/L • Potassium ... states such as acute ... Is Dangerous in Hyperkalemia ... densa receives high ... Decreased GFR, urine
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
normal volume-based algorithm ... Urine Na+K / serum ... diuresis can be high ... Present (Uosm ≥100): Hypovolemia ... #nephrology
Pragmatic diagnostic algorithm for hypokalemia. 
***Typical presentations: 
 • Vomiting: urine Na/Cl > 1.6, low urine
Pragmatic diagnostic algorithm ... Na/Cl > 1.6, low ... Na/Cl < 0.7, high ... correcting serum potassium ... #nephrology
Causes of Hyperkalemia
l. Pseudohyperkalemia
  A Cellular efflux; thrombocytosis, erythrocytosis, leukocytosis, in vitro hemolysis
  B.
the epithelial sodium ... uropathy, post-acute ... Drug-associated: heparin, low-molecular-weight ... Differential #Diagnosis #High ... #Potassium #Classification