15 results
Differentiation Syndrome in APML
Epidemiology:
 • Incidence: common in APL (2-48% depending on the study)
 • Triggers:
ATRA treatment Pathophysiology ... common • Imaging: CXR ... : >3 symptoms, or ... sepsis), PE, DAH, CHF ... #hematology #oncology
Trendelenburg Gait: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Skeletal Pathology of the Hip
 • Arthritis
 • Congenital hip dysplasia
tears of gluteus medius ... Greater Trochanter Fracture ... Trendelenburg #Gait #pathophysiology ... #causes #symptoms ... #signs #diagnosis
TRALI vs TACO - Transfusion Reactions
TRALI:
 • Epidemiology: 0.1% of transfused patientsl
 • Risk factors: Critical
without other cause ... ARDS to explain symptoms ... : Age>60, CKD, CHF ... fluid balance, and CXR ... #diagnosis #comparison
Iron Deficiency in Heart Failure
Pathophysiology:
Chronic heart failure leads to an increase in inflammatory cytokines → Inflammation
Heart Failure Pathophysiology ... → Inflammation causes ... improvement in symptoms ... iron #deficiency #CHF ... #management #cardiology
Perilunate Dislocation
On lateral wrist XR, the capitate ("apple") should sit in the lunate ("tea cup") which
lateral wrist XR ... styloid fracture ... repair MH/CCF ... Wrist #Carpal #Radiology ... #XRay #Diagnosis
Leukemias Overview: ALL, CML, AML, APML, CLL

Acute leukemias > 20% blasts in the peripheral blood smear
, APML, CLL Acute ... : Blast crises ... manifestations, hypoxia, CXR ... #Leukemia #Hematology ... #Oncology #Diagnosis
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
Leukostasis: • Pathophysiology ... high WBC count cause ... , dyspnea, +/- CXR ... Syndrome #TLS #diagnosis ... #management #hematology
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... cells per μL • Diagnosis ... headache, altered mental ... Demyelinating disease caused ... #differential #diagnosis
Acute Fatty Liver of Pregnancy (AFLP)
Pathophysiology:
 • Defect in fetal free fatty acid metabolism products →
Pregnancy (AFLP) Pathophysiology ... postpartum): • Initial symptoms ... = nonspecific (nausea ... AP, ↑INR, ↑BUN/Cr ... ) Differential Diagnosis
Low Alkaline Phosphatase - Hypophosphatasia 

Is Low Alkaline Phosphatase Of Clinical Importance?

ALP enzyme- Discovered in 1923
Low
Most cases diagnosed ... • recurrent fractures ... collection with EDTA Pathophysiology ... mineralization Symptoms ... pain - Frequent fractures