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diagnosis causes management neurology hypokalemia stroke syndrome algorithm classification cva elevation encephalopathy epilepticus gitelman heatstroke illness lactate lactic mint mnemonic
Causes of Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Unprovoked - Epilepsy: • Focal: Simple, Complex • Generalized: Absence,
Causes of Seizures ... - Differential ... Toxic: Alcohol, Medication ... Hyperglycemia, Hyponatremia ... Eclampsia, Prophyria #Seizures
Stroke Mimics - Differential Diagnosis - MINT Mnemonic • Metabolic: Hyper-glycemia, Hypoglycemia, Wernicke's encephalopathy, Mitochondrial Encephalopathy
Stroke Mimics - ... Differential Diagnosis ... Encephalopathy with Lactic Acidosis ... • Neurologic: Seizure ... MINT #Mnemonic #neurology
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
approach to the differential ... of symptomatic (seizures ... #Differential # ... #management #nephrology ... #sodium
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework Heat Cramps: • Muscle pain or spasm -
Heat Stroke - Differential ... Dehydration - Loss of sodium ... illness → Hypernatremia ... - Metabolic acidosis ... consciousness, Coma/seizure
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary Causes of Rhabdomyolysis: • Trauma: - Immobilization - Crush injury - Compartment
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential ... exertion/training - Seizures ... Hyperuricemia • Hyponatremia ... Rhabdomyolysis #Differential ... #nephrology
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by: • Headache • Seizures • Altered mental
• Headache • Seizures ... • Headache • Seizures ... Reversible course Differential ... Constipation, Seizures ... 2-3 mEq/L • Seizures
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
- Differential ... circulation If drugs, seizures ... before beginning treatment ... Heavy exercise - Seizures ... - HIV/HAART medications
Causes of Hypokalemia Transcellular Shifts: - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
plasma insulin (treatment ... Renal tubular acidosis ... Heavy exercise, Heat ... Hypokalemia #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview What? • Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter • Gitelman's syndrome
ratio 0.5%) Differential ... Renal tubular acidosis ... tachycardia • Seizures ... Rhabdomyolysis Treatment ... Syndrome #diagnosis #nephrology
Causes of Status Epilepticus in Adults METABOLIC DISTURBANCES Hepatic encephalopathy Hypocalcemia Hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia Hyponatremia Uremia INFECTIOUS PROCESSES Central nervous system abscess Encephalitis Meningitis WITHDRAWAL SYNDROMES Alcohol Antiepileptic drugs Baclofen Barbiturates Benzodiazepines CENTRAL
hyperglycemia Hyponatremia ... accident Eclampsia Head ... #Epilepticus #Seizures ... #Differential # ... diagnosis #causes #neurology
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