22 results
Generalized Seizures and Pseudoseizures
Generalized seizures "are conceptualized as originating as some point within, and rapidly engaging,
caused by a toxic ... and metabolic causes ... hyperglycemia, hyponatremia ... Pseudoseizures (May mimic ... Classification #Diagnosis #Neurology
Causes of Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unprovoked - Epilepsy:
 • Focal: Simple, Complex
 • Generalized: Absence,
Causes of Seizures ... Toxic: Alcohol, Medication ... Hyperglycemia, Hyponatremia ... Eclampsia, Prophyria #Seizures ... #neurology
Stroke Mimics - Differential Diagnosis - MINT Mnemonic
 • Metabolic: Hyper-glycemia, Hypoglycemia, Wernicke's encephalopathy, Mitochondrial Encephalopathy
Stroke Mimics - ... Differential Diagnosis ... Encephalopathy with Lactic Acidosis ... : Seizure w/ post-ictal ... MINT #Mnemonic #neurology
Causes of Secondary / Provoked Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Febrile
Infection
 • Sepsis
 • Encephalitis
 • Meningitis
Metabolic
Causes of Secondary ... / Provoked Seizures ... Hypocalcemia • Hyponatremia ... Secondary #Provoked #Seizures ... #Neurology #Differential
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
usually caused by ... of symptomatic (seizures ... #Differential # ... #management #nephrology ... #sodium
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
Heat Stroke - Differential ... Dehydration - Loss of sodium ... illness → Hypernatremia ... - Metabolic acidosis ... consciousness, Coma/seizure
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... : SIADH, Renal Sodium ... renal perfusion (Heart ... #differential # ... #nephrology
Management of SIADH
Treat underlying cause:
 • Causes can include pain, primary lung pathology, post-operative phenomenon, medications,
: • Causes can ... post-operative phenomenon, medications ... promoting passive sodium ... SIADH #Management #hyponatremia ... #nephrology #treatment
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Hypervolemia: Congestive Heart ... #Differential # ... Algorithm #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology #sodium
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential ... Management Summary Causes ... exertion/training - Seizures ... Hyperuricemia • Hyponatremia ... #treatment #nephrology