20 results
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. 
Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
RBC casts in urine ... Proteinuria often ... but in severe cases ... Massive proteinuria ... #Nephrology #Diagnosis
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome

Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes.
Step
hematuria and/or proteinuria ... hematuria (RBC casts ... dysmorphic RBCs in urine ... Comparison #Algorithm #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis
Differentiation Between Nephrotic Syndrome and Nephritic Syndrome 
== Nephrotic Syndrome ==
Onset - Insidious 
Edema - ++++
Blood
Red blood cell casts ... Red blood cell casts ... edgarvlermamd - Nephrology ... Comparison #Table #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis
Algorithmic Approach to Acute Interstitial Nephritis
When to suspect AIN? (not sensitive)
 • AKI, AKD, rapidly progressive
sterile pyuria, WBC casts ... , mild tubular proteinuria ... , granular casts ... AIN #Algorithm #nephrology ... #diagnosis
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
repeat testing • Acute ... glomerular bleeding (proteinuria ... , RBC casts, dysmorphic ... → Refer to Nephrology ... cystoscopy • Refer to Nephrology
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
Causes of Proteinuria ... - Differential Diagnosis ... sediment - WBC/RBC casts ... #Nephrology #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Urinary Casts and ... breakdown of cellular casts ... heme-granular casts ... edgarvlermamd - Nephrology ... #Nephrology
Lupus Nephritis - Diagnostic approach to kidney disease associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
SLE patient develops
- Diagnostic approach ... urine sediment ... dysmorphic RBCs, RBC casts ... , WBC casts) especially ... #sle #nephrology
Urine Microscopy - Casts
Acellular Casts
 • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
Urine Microscopy ... suggestive of acute ... suggestive of nephrotic ... #nephrology #interpretation ... #diagnosis
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
microscopy • Red cell casts ... • White cell casts ... infection • Hyaline casts ... disease • Granular casts ... #nephrology #casts