19 results
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
- Differential Diagnosis ... disease - Alport syndrome ... pain hematuria syndrome ... hematuria • Signs ... → Diagnostic of
Rotator Cuff Syndrome - SITS
Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Teres minor, and Subscapularis.
Causes: Calcific supraspinatus tendinitis 
Signs: painful abduction
Rotator Cuff Syndrome ... Causes: Calcific ... supraspinatus tendinitis Signs ... #orthopedics #diagnosis ... #sports #MSK #anatomy
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
and Differential Diagnosis ... microscopy / urinary ... osmolarity If cause ... clinical context and signs ... #nephrology #causes
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
Anterior Cord Syndrome ... • Central Cord Syndrome ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms ... #msk #orthopedics
Subtrochanteric Femur Fracture: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Subtrochanteric region spans 5 cm distally from the
remodeling -> Microscopic ... Femur #Fractures #msk ... #orthopedics #diagnosis ... #differential #causes ... #pathophysiology
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Cauda Equina Syndrome ... Causes: • Large ... #MSK #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #symptoms ... #signs
Inflammatory Joint Pain - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm 
Monoarticular
 • Gout (Podagra, Tophi)
 • Pseudogout
 • Early
Sicca) Syndrome ... polyangiitis (GPA)/microscopic ... Inflammatory #JointPain #MSK ... #Algorithm #Orthopedics ... #Causes
Pott's Disease in Tuberculosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology:
 - Typically from TB endemic areas
 -
extrapulmonary cases ... Clinical Signs ... years - May have signs ... decreased reflexes Pathophysiology ... of AFB by smear microscopy
Supracondylar Elbow Fracture
• Most common elbow fracture in children, peak age 5-7 
• When looking at
anterior sail sign ... ), compartment syndrome ... Radiology #XRay #Diagnosis ... #Management #Orthopedics ... #MSK
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
and Management ... survival is 93-95% Pathophysiology ... symptoms are not caused ... anterior/posterior MSK ... #Management #Signs