26 results
Metabolic and Respiratory Acidosis and Alkalosis - Diagnostic Algorithm

Anion gap - MUDPILES: 
 - Methanol (formic
Metabolic and Respiratory ... and Alkalosis - Diagnostic ... Hyperalimentation - Addison disease ... - Renal tubular ... Recommended Text: Nephrology
Clinical Classification of Pulmonary Hypertension

1. Pulmonary arterial hypertension from pulmonary vasculopathy
Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension
Heritable gene mutations
Clinical Classification ... neurofibromatosis, vasculitis Metabolic ... mediastinitis, chronic renal ... Hypertension #PHTN #Classification ... #Diagnosis #Differential
Classification of Diabetes Insipidus

Central or neurogenic diabetes insipidus:
 - Congenital - Structural malformations affecting the hypothalamus
Classification of ... Acquired - Primary renal ... uropathy, Metabolic ... #Types #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis #Differential
Pulmonary Renal Syndrome

Definition: Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage + Glomerulonephritis
Presentation (Pulmonary and renal manifestations can occur weeks apart):
Pulmonary Renal ... Differential Diagnosis ... for Pulmonary Renal ... #differential #diagnosis ... #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - Classification
Prerenal:
 • Dehydration
 • Heart failure (a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome)
 • Liver failure
Kidney Injury - Classification ... • Glomerular disease ... causes: sepsis, meds ... Kidney #Injury #Classification ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
cells - Normal • Renal ... Red cell casts - Diagnostic ... crystals may indicate metabolic ... Microscopy #Atlas #key #diagnosis ... #nephrology #casts
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
- Differential Diagnosis ... Classically” noted with pulmonary ... restrictive lung disease ... Interpretation #Diagnosis ... #Summary #Nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemic - Give volume
Hypervolemic (Edematous) - Look for and treat underlying cause
- Differential Diagnosis ... Stress, Nausea, Pulmonary ... Diseases, CNS Disease ... , Meds (Opiates, ... #nephrology #sodium
Causes of Neuromuscular Weakness
 • Spinal Cord: Demyelinating Disease (MS), Epidural abscess, Infarction, Syringomyelia, Tetanus, Transverse
Demyelinating Disease ... Shellfish poisoning, Meds ... Malnutrition, Metabolic ... #differential #diagnosis ... #neurology
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) - Diagnosis
Clinical Features:
 • Altered mental status (Either lethargy, confusion, or
Immunomodulatory meds ... inhibitors • Renal ... • Autoimmune disease ... Diagnosis: Risk ... #Neurology