13 results
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
Causes of Metabolic ... chloridorrhea) • Status ... postchronic hypercapnia (acute ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes ... #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
attention to volume status ... Measure urine osmolality ... Assess volume status ... demyelination syndrome ... #management #nephrology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary

Trauma:
 • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury
Exertional:
 •
Immobilization, Crush ... iniury, Compartment syndrome ... hour with goal urine ... Management #Summary #causes ... #treatment
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Management Summary Causes ... Immobilization - Crush ... Weakness - Dark urine ... hour with goal urine ... #treatment #nephrology
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
, ADEM, Acute toxic ... epilepticus Treatment ... the underlying cause ... • Treatment of ... with AEDs until cause
Guillain-Barre Syndrome - Summary

Acute AIDP that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness

Epidemiology:
 • 1-2 cases/100,000 per
- Summary Acute ... Epidemiology: • 1-2 cases ... • Weakness: Starts ... variants: (1) acute ... #neurology
The Stages of Syphilis 

Primary Syphilis 
- The chancre lesion is the hallmark of primary syphilis.
The Stages of Syphilis ... Without treatment ... Syphilis - Rash ... soles in 50% of cases ... manifestations including acute
Syphilis - Clinical Manifestations and Treatment

1) Primary Syphilis
 • Direct lesion contact during sex is responsible
responsible for most cases ... loss • Skin: Rash ... Albuminuria, nephrotic syndrome ... , or acute nephritis ... #Syphilis #stages
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
excretion (e.g., urine ... presentations and disease states ... cardiac output - Acute ... - Compartment syndrome ... peritonitis - Acute
It is important to recognize Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF) as more than just simply a
important to recognize Acute ... and low urine output ... Cardiac cath if acute ... coronary syndrome ... the determined cause