13 results
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Cauda Equina Syndrome ... Causes: • Large ... reflexes) • Urinary ... #MSK #pathophysiology ... #signs
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
Bladder retention -> Primarily ... hemicord lesion -> Primarily ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms ... #msk #orthopedics
Growth Hormone Excess - Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Acromegaly and gigantism share the same pathophysiology
• Other rare causes ... Carpal Tunnel Syndrome ... Overproduction #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms #endocrinology ... #pathophysiology
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
Leukostasis: • Pathophysiology ... high WBC count cause ... WBC >100k, + lab signs ... : • Pathophysiology ... diagnosis #management #hematology
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
survival is 93-95% Pathophysiology ... anterior/posterior MSK ... : (distinct symptoms ... Diagnosis #Management #Signs ... #Symptoms
Adhesive Capsulitis (Frozen Shoulder) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

 • Primary (Idiopathic): Unknown etiology, but associated
Findings • Primary ... a stroke that caused ... #diagnosis #symptoms ... #signs #stages ... #staging #msk
Cushing's Syndrome - Hypercortisolism - Diagnosis and Clinical Features
1) Skin
 • Thin, easily bruisable skin with
Cushing's Syndrome ... not a feature of primary ... Imaging: 1) Primary ... Hypercortisolism #Diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms #endocrinology
Syphilis - Clinical Manifestations and Treatment

1) Primary Syphilis
 • Direct lesion contact during sex is responsible
responsible for most cases ... loss • Skin: Rash ... Albuminuria, nephrotic syndrome ... ulcerated • MSK ... infected without symptoms
Chronic Exertional Compartment Syndrome (CECS)
 • Diagnosis Of CECS requires patient to undergo the same exertional
Exertional Compartment Syndrome ... activity that causes ... CompartmentSyndrome #CECS #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms #msk
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
• Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
• Mononeuritis multiplex
• Hematuria, proteinuria,
purpura: Strong sign ... with GCA or as primary ... , arthritis Primary ... tract, and often causes ... Differential #Diagnosis #Rheumatology