24 results
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Primary Metabolic ... - Differential Diagnosis ... hyperaldosteronism • Low Urine ... (late) • High Urine ... #Primary #Metabolic
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... - Differential Diagnosis ... hyperaldosteronism • Low Urine ... (late) • High Urine ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Urine chloride < 20 mmol/l - Chloride responsive (Chloride
Causes of Metabolic ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Urine ... diuretic use Urine ... , Gitelman's Syndrome
What the Color of Urine Can Tell You - Differential Diagnosis by Urine Color
Clear: excess water
Pale
- Differential Diagnosis ... by Urine Color ... Syndrome): Indwelling ... #differential #diagnosis ... #causes #discoloration
Abnormally Colored Urine - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Red:
 - Hematuria, Hemoglobinuria, Myoglobinuria
 - Beets, Rhubarb, Blackberries, Artificial
Abnormally Colored Urine ... - Differential Diagnosis ... bag syndrome (chronically ... #Discoloration ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
diuretic use, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... LiCl use The urine ... Urine chloride is ... #differential #diagnosis
Causes Abnormal Urine Color - Differential Diagnosis
Turbid White Urine (Albinuria):
 • Chyluria, Filariasis, Schistosomiasis, Malignancy, Phosphaturia,
- Differential Diagnosis ... (blue diaper syndrome ... Bag Syndrome - ... #Color #discoloration ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Leukemias Overview: ALL, CML, AML, APML, CLL

Acute leukemias > 20% blasts in the peripheral blood smear
• Blasts > 10% leukocytes ... Neutrophils • Immature/Myeloblasts ... develop leukostasis syndrome ... • Tumor lysis syndrome ... Hematology #Oncology #Diagnosis
Approach to Elevated Bicarbonate (HCO3)
Risk Factors for Hypercapnea? (Hx of COPD, OSA, sedative use, CNS/muscular disorders?)
(+)
Gas) (-) Likely Metabolic ... Alkalosis Urine ... Volume Contraction Urine ... Barter, or Gitelman Syndrome ... alkalosis #algorithm #diagnosis
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
Atlas of Urine Microscopy ... Red cell casts - Diagnostic ... glomerular disease • Leukocytes ... crystals may indicate metabolic ... Microscopy #Atlas #key #diagnosis