14 results
Von Graefe's Sign - Graves' Eyelid Ophthalmopathy on Ocular Exam

Lagging of the upper eyelid on downward
Sign - Graves' Eyelid ... #Sign #Graves #Eyelid ... Ophthalmopathy #Ocular #PhysicalExam ... #ophthalmology ... #endocrinology #
Alzheimer’s Disease: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Risk factor for Late Onset Alzheimer's (99% of cases):
 - Increasing
of cases): - Amyloid ... chromosome 21) Signs / Symptoms ... / Complications ... AlzheimersDisease #Dementia #pathophysiology ... diagnosis #signs #symptoms
Retinoblastoma: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Sporadic mutation -> One allele of RB1 tumor suppressor gene
Retinoblastoma Signs / Symptoms ... / Complications ... Retinoblastoma #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology ... diagnosis #signs #symptoms
Periorbital Cellulitis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Definitions:
a. Dacryoadenitis: infection of the lacrimal glands
b. Conjunctivitis: inflammation of the
upper or lower eyelid ... inflammation of the eyelid ... Periorbital #Cellulitis #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology ... diagnosis #signs #symptoms
Orbital Cellulitis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Definitions:
a. Chemosis: Edema of the bulbar conjunctiva
b. Panopthalmitis: inflammation of all
Conjunctival chemosis -> Eyelid ... Orbital #Cellulitis #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology ... diagnosis #signs #symptoms
21-Hydroxylase Deficiency (21-OHD): Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Autosomal recessive mutation in CYP21A2 coding for the enzyme 21-OHase
Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... #21HydroxylaseDeficiency #21OHD #pathophysiology ... #genetics #endocrinology
Pituitary Mass Effects - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Pituitary turnors are almost always a benign
Signs / Symptoms ... / Complications ... #SideEffects #endocrinology ... mnemonic #GLFTAP #pathophysiology
Acute Closed Angle Glaucoma: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
OPHTHALMIC EMERGENCY: Early detection is essential, but most patients
lights are a key symptom ... blindness Signs / Symptoms ... / Complications ... ClosedAngle #Glaucoma #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Note: in DKA, body K+ is lost
Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... DiabeticKetoacidosis #DKA #pathophysiology ... #endocrinology
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
#Retinopathy #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology ... diagnosis #signs #symptoms ... #complications