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Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
- Differential Diagnosis ... urine can induce color ... → Diagnostic of ... /Ureter/Bladder ... Hematuria: • Infection
Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis of Macroscopic Hematuria
Important Historical Elements:
- Painless: suggests malignancy
- Painful: suggests calculi/infection
- Urinalysis:
suggests calculi/infection ... suggest intrinsic renal ... early (distal urethra ... tract), terminal (bladder ... #EM #IM #Urology