16 results
HACEK is the acronym commonly used to describe and help doctors to remember a group of
fastidious Gram-negative ... which can also cause ... is caused by HACEK ... is caused by Alpha-haemolytic ... #Diagnosis #InfectiousDiseases
Causes of blood culture negative infective endocarditis

Bartonella spp, Brucella spp, Coxiella burnetii, Chlamydia spp, Tropheryma whipplei,
culture negative ... infective endocarditis ... #Endocarditis # ... InfectiousDiseases ... #CNIE #BCNIE #cardiology
Differentiating NBTE from Infective Endocarditis
No pathognomonic signs/symptoms or echo features that are specific to NBTE, and
serology: Serial negative ... Frequent false-negative ... cultures/serology: + (Negative ... in up to 30% of cases ... #comparison #infective
CPPD vs Gout

== CPPD == 

Think About CPPD When:
 • Self-limited synovitis after surgery/trauma (> 65
CPPD vs Gout ... About CPPD When ... disease states Pathophysiology ... Needle-shaped, negatively ... #Gout #Comparison
Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis (RPGN)
RPGN has three primary pathophysiologic causes differentiated by immunofluorescence

Immune Complex Mediated (granular staining):
three primary pathophysiologic ... causes differentiated ... Cryoglobulinemia, Endocarditis ... Pauci-immune mediated (Negative
High Output Heart Failure - Pathophysiology and Differential Diagnosis
Obesity - Systemic Vasodilation, Vasoactive Adipokines
Arteriovenous Fistula -
Heart Failure - Pathophysiology ... Disease - Especially COPD ... HeartFailure #CHF #Pathophysiology ... Differential #Diagnosis #cardiology ... #causes
Pseudogout: pathogenesis and clinical findings
 - Idiopathic (vast majority of cases) -> Mechanism unknown
 - Familial
vast majority of cases ... pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPPD ... Hypomagnesia -> The relative ... and/or x-ray - CPPD ... Signs #Symptoms #Pathophysiology
Blood Culture-Negative Infective Endocarditis (BCNIE)
Definition: No etiology found after 3 separate blood cultures remain negative for
Blood Culture-Negative ... Infective Endocarditis ... but important causes ... #Infective #Endocarditis ... differential #workup #infectiousdiseases
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
positive in 90% of IE cases ... • Coagulase-negative ... Septic Emboli Cause ... Treat underlying cause ... diagnosis #management #cardiology
Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema - Differential Diagnosis Framework

NCPE Pathophysiology:
Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema occurs because of excessive pulmonary capillary
Framework NCPE Pathophysiology ... Causes include: ... • Normal or negative ... pg/ml EKG: • Negative ... differential #diagnosis #cardiology