4 results
Differential Diagnosis and Evaluation of Hyponatremia:
1) Identification of onset (acute vs. chronic)
2) Presence of symptoms (HA,
symptoms (HA, nausea ... cardiac, liver, renal ... Diagnosis #EM #IM #Nephro ... #Euvolemic #Hypervolemic ... #Differential #Algorithm
Hyponatremia Diagnosis Algorithm
UOsm ≥ POsm - Vasopressin-Dependent
 • UNa < 20 mEq/L - Appropriate (↓ EABV)
Hyponatremia Diagnosis Algorithm ... EABV) - Consider: Hypovolemia ... solute intake, Renal ... Helbert Rondon, MD @NephroMD ... #causes #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Low intake 
• poor oral intake 

Renal loss 
• Medication 
• Hypomagnesemia 
•
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... oral intake Renal ... Nonreabsorbable anions • Renal ... Hypothermia • Hypokalemic ... #Causes #Classification
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
/ hypoxemia -> focus ... - Shock - Hypovolemia ... deficiency - Renal ... lactate production Renal ... #typea #typeb #classification