42 results
Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Approach To Weakness:
 • Non-neuromuscular disorder (Cardiac, pulmonary etc)
 • CNS ->
of the spinal cord ... Lack of UMN/LMN signs ... parainfluenza, Coxsackie, HIV ... EMG) studies • MRI ... #Diagnosis #neurology
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
Syndrome ->Cord ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms ... #msk #orthopedics ... #neurology
BEE Syndromes - Non-inflammatory Causes

Immune-mediated conditions affecting the Brain, Eye, and Ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in
pachymeningitis • HIV ... neuropathy (LHON) plus MRI ... #neurology #noninflammatory ... #differential # ... diagnosis
Causes of Neuromuscular Weakness
 • Spinal Cord: Demyelinating Disease (MS), Epidural abscess, Infarction, Syringomyelia, Tetanus, Transverse
Weakness • Spinal Cord ... Demyelinating Disease (MS ... Tumor • Motor Nerves ... Weakness #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #neurology
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
• Bilateral signs ... and/or symptoms ... brain and/or optic nerve ... simplex virus, HIV ... #differential
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
epidural hematoma • Infection ... damage to sacral nerves ... suspected, immediate MRI ... #MSK #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #symptoms
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
and signs below ... Infections: - ... HIV, CMV, HTLV ... MCTD, Sjogren syndrome ... #neurology #differential
Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome
What?
 • Unilateral orbital/retrobulbar pain
 • Paresis of the cranial nerves Ill, IV, VI
 •
of the cranial nerves ... fissure or orbit (MRI ... resolution of the symptoms ... #TolosaHunt #neurology ... #diagnosis
Neurological Manifestations of Tuberculosis
Spinal Arachnoiditis & Polyradiculopathy:
 • Subacute onset of limb weakness, bladder/bowel dysfunction, muscle
and nerve roots ... Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome ... (IRIS): • In HIV ... #Tuberculosis #diagnosis ... #differential #
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
compression of nerve ... Diagnosis: • ... • HIV related ... Imaging studies: • MRI ... #neurology