21 results
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Hypernatremia Diagnosis ... Workup Step 1 ... Repeat the sodium ... administration Step 3. ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Hypernatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Diabetes Insipidus Workup

Step #1 - Consider the history
Step #2 - Assess
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Workup Step #1 ... Uglucose Step #3 ... & desmopressin test ... #Sodium #nephrology
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid 
ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
Diagnosis Algorithm ... water retention 1) ... Urine Osmolarity 3) ... Urine Sodium 4) ... High Uric Acid → renal
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis ... Workup Algorithm ... 1) Check Urine ... #Workup #Algorithm ... #nephrology #sodium
Hyponatremia - Diagnostic Evaluation Algorithm

Step 1: Consider whether Posm may actually be normal or elevated
Step 2:
Hyponatremia - Diagnostic ... Step 1: Consider ... Gravity Step 3: ... Consider additional tests ... considered likely, the cause
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency
Addison's Disease - Damage of the adrenal glands with lack of cortisol, androgens and
Tuberculosis: can cause ... Hypoparathyroidism - Type 1 ... Serum DHEAS Diagnosis ... Serum cortisol < 3 ... endocrinology #diagnosis
Adrenal Insufficiency Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Clinical suspicion: Weakness, fatigue, nausea, musculoskeletal pain, dizziness, volume depletion, abdominal pain,
Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Clinical ... Weakness, fatigue, nausea ... , hypotension, hyponatremia ... ACTH) stimulation test
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... volume-based algorithm ... +K / serum Na >1 ... Hypothyroidism, Adrenal ... #differential #diagnosis
Differential Diagnosis and Evaluation of Hyponatremia:
1) Identification of onset (acute vs. chronic)
2) Presence of symptoms (HA,
: 1) Identification ... symptoms (HA, nausea ... confusion, seizures) 3) ... cardiac, liver, renal ... #Differential #Algorithm
Adrenal Insufficiency Diagnosis Algorithm - Evaluation of HPA Axis Response to ACTH

Early am cortisol < 3
Diagnosis Algorithm ... am cortisol < 3 ... unclear (often the case ... Standard Stim test ... this indicates normal