26 results
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
1 . ... Repeat the sodium ... Step 2. ... administration Step 3. ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Hypernatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Diabetes Insipidus Workup

Step #1 - Consider the history
Step #2 - Assess
Diabetes Insipidus Workup ... Step #1 - Consider ... history Step #2 ... Uglucose Step #3 ... & desmopressin test
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis Workup ... Algorithm 1) ... mechanism 2) ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #sodium
Hypernatremia - Diagnostic Evaluation Algorithm
Step 1: Consider history. Most patients presenting with hypernatremia are either very
Step 1: Consider ... Step 2: Check Uosm ... Step 3: If patient ... #Diagnosis #Workup ... #Sodium
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid 
ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
Diagnosis Algorithm ... water retention 1) ... Serum Osmolarity 2) ... Urine Osmolarity 3) ... High Uric Acid → renal
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency
Addison's Disease - Damage of the adrenal glands with lack of cortisol, androgens and
aldosterone Causes ... : Most Common Causes ... Tuberculosis: can cause ... Hypoparathyroidism - Type 1 ... Serum cortisol < 3
Hyponatremia - Diagnostic Evaluation Algorithm

Step 1: Consider whether Posm may actually be normal or elevated
Step 2:
Step 1: Consider ... elevated Step 2: ... Gravity Step 3: ... Consider additional tests ... #Diagnosis #Workup
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm ... discontinued) 3. ... Renal artery stenosis ... #Diagnosis #Causes ... #Workup #Nephrology
Differential Diagnosis and Evaluation of Hyponatremia:
1) Identification of onset (acute vs. chronic)
2) Presence of symptoms (HA,
: 1) Identification ... acute vs. chronic) 2) ... symptoms (HA, nausea ... confusion, seizures) 3) ... #Differential #Algorithm
Hypertonic Saline for Treatment of Hyponatremic Encephalopathy
1) 100 ml bolus of 3% NaCl over 10 min.
Encephalopathy 1) ... L in the first 1- ... sodium should be ... urine output for signs ... management #protocol #hyponatremia