15 results
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm ... Periodic paralysis Alkalosis ... Metabolic alkalosis ... #Diagnosis #Causes ... #Workup #Nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Diagnosis Workup Algorithm ... 1) Check Urine ... renal mechanism 2) ... insipidus (central or nephrogenic ... #nephrology #sodium
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Volume Depleted - 2° ... Volume Expanded - 1° ... #Nephrology #Causes
Lesions of the Spinal cord - Spinal Cord Syndromes

Spinal cord lesions can result in permanent neurologic
result in permanent neurologic ... sensation usually 1 ... to 2 levels below ... involved) - Tendon reflex ... in deep tendon reflexes
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Interpretation: 1. ... 2. ... mmol/L Step 1 ... lung disease (COPD ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
Causes: 1. ... Spinal injuries 2. ... dysfunction • Abnormal reflexes ... disorders #diagnosis #neurology ... differential #algorithm
Orthopedic Emergencies
Compartment Syndrome
 • An increase in compartment pressure to the point where tissue perfusion is
Syndrome • Syndrome caused ... usually appear in 1- ... • Management: 1. ... loss of spinal cord ... Spinal shock vs Neurogenic
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
should be done): 1. ... and metabolic alkalosis ... • Other: 1. ... parenchymal disease: CKD ... Neurologic disorders
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
conditions - Neurogenic ... heat illness → Hypernatremia ... Multi-system illness: 1. ... encephalopathy) 2. ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
varying degrees of: 1. ... Spasticity - Reflexes ... develops later 2. ... - More than 2/ ... diagnosis #management #neurology