8 results
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Hypernatremia Diagnosis ... 1 . ... Repeat the sodium ... Step 2. ... #Diagnosis #Workup
Shock Classification
Shock Definition: State of cellular and tissue hypoxia due to: reduced oxygen delivery, increased oxygen
Stages: 1. ... tissue perfusion 2. ... tachycardia, dyspnea, cold ... OBSTRUCTIVE (Cold ... HYPOVOLEMIC (Cold
Shock Types - Classification
State of cellular and tissue hypoxia due to: reduced oxygen delivery, increased oxygen
Stages: 1. ... tachycardia, dyspnea, cold ... brain or spinal cord ... ring OBSTRUCTIVE (Cold ... cardiomyopathy HYPOVOLEMIC (Cold
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis ... Workup Algorithm ... 1) Check Urine ... renal mechanism 2) ... #nephrology #sodium
Orthopedic Emergencies
Compartment Syndrome
 • An increase in compartment pressure to the point where tissue perfusion is
at level of the heart ... • Management: 1. ... loss of spinal cord ... level of spinal cord ... vs Neurogenic Shock
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
Dehydration - Loss of sodium ... conditions - Neurogenic ... illness → Hypernatremia ... Multi-system illness: 1. ... encephalopathy) 2.
Oncologic Emergencies - Differential Diagnosis Framework

HEMATOLOGIC ONCOLOGIC EMERGENCIES:
Hyperviscosity Syndrome:
 • Spontaneous bleeding
 • Shortness of breath
of breath • Neurologic ... Epidural Spinal Cord ... triad (muffled heart ... possible coma SIADH ... : • Hyponatremia
Stiff Person Syndrome (SPS) - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Epidemiology:
 • Prevalence: 1-2 cases per million -
• Prevalence: 1- ... brain and spinal cord ... antibody that works ... others (botox, sodium ... Management #treatment #neurology