14 results
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Workup Algorithm 1) ... Hypervolemic: Conn syndrome ... , Cushing syndrome ... Workup #Algorithm #nephrology ... #sodium
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis and Treatment
Hypernatremia is almost always due to unreplaced water loss (free water
, Dehydration: neurologic ... Diabetes Insipidus: neurogenic ... ([Na] / 140) - 1) ... Diagnosis #Treatment #management ... #nephrology #sodium
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
1) Is it hypotonic ... the underlying cause ... demyelination syndrome ... Diagnosis #Treatment #management ... #nephrology #sodium
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... +K / serum Na >1 ... : SIADH, Renal Sodium ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... #nephrology
Management of SIADH
Treat underlying cause:
 • Causes can include pain, primary lung pathology, post-operative phenomenon, medications,
Management of SIADH ... restriction: • Restrict 1 ... promoting passive sodium ... #hyponatremia # ... nephrology #treatment
Lower Extremity Dermatomes and Myotomes
Reflexes: 
 • Knee - L2, L3, L4
 • Ankle - S1
and Myotomes Reflexes ... • Cauda Equina Syndrome ... Commonly caused ... dysaesthesia, neurogenic ... Myotomes #diagnosis #neurology
The Neurological Evaluation of a Comatose Patient

Definition:
 • Coma: a state of unresponsiveness; the absence of
• Locked-in syndrome ... Comatose Patient 1. ... Casey Albin MD @ ... caseyalbin #PhysicalExam ... #neurology #comatose
Orthopedic Emergencies
Compartment Syndrome
 • An increase in compartment pressure to the point where tissue perfusion is
Syndrome caused ... appear in 1-2 days ... 1. ... bulbocarvenosus reflex ... Spinal shock vs Neurogenic
Guillain-Barre Syndrome - Summary

Acute AIDP that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness

Epidemiology:
 • 1-2 cases/100,000 per
2 cases/100,000 ... Decreased / Absent Reflexes ... /constipation, hyponatremia ... #diagnosis #management ... #treatment #neurology
SIADH Treatment Options
1. Treat underlying cause of SIADH: Pain, Primary lung pathology, Post-operative phenomenon, Medications, Basically
Treatment Options 1. ... Treat underlying cause ... promoting passive sodium ... SatyaPatelMD #SIADH #Management ... #hyponatremia #